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- | ====== Capturing a Meteor Satellite Image ====== | + | ====== Obtaining an image from the Meteor-M 2 satellite ====== |
- | ===== Meteor-M 2 satellite ===== | + | ===== Learning the operation principle of Meteor-M 2 satellite ===== |
- | The launch date of the Meteor-M apparatus No. 2 is July 8, 2014. | + | The launch date of the Meteor-M 2 satellite is July 8, 2014. |
==== Purpose ==== | ==== Purpose ==== | ||
- | A global observation of the atmosphere and underlying surface of the Earth, which allows systematically obtaining hydrometeorological and heliogeophysical information on a planetary scale. | + | Global observation of the atmosphere and underlying surface of the Earth, allowing systematic hydrometeorological and heliogeophysical information in a planetary scale. |
{{:en:image_44.png?700|}} | {{:en:image_44.png?700|}} | ||
- | ==== Solved problems ==== | + | ==== Tasks to be accomplished ==== |
- | * global observation of the underlying surface of the Earth; | + | * global observation of the underlying Earth surface; |
- | * environmental monitoring; | + | * monitoring of environmental conditions; |
- | * monitoring emergency situations of natural and man-made nature; | + | * monitoring of emergency situations characterized by natural and man-made character; |
- | * solving problems of agriculture and forestry; | + | * agricultural and forestry tasks; |
- | * Scientific research; | + | * scientific research; |
- | * collection and transmission of data from PSD of various types (ground, ice, drifting) | + | * collection and transmission of data from different types of SAR (ground, ice, drifting) |
+ | ==== Main characteristics ==== | ||
- | ==== Key Features ==== | + | * Orbit - circular sun-synchronous, Hs=832 km, T=101,3 min, i=98,85º |
+ | * Power supply: daily average - up to 1000 W, maximum within 10 minutes - up to 1350 W | ||
+ | * Term of active existence: 7 years | ||
+ | * Mass - 2700 kg | ||
+ | * Mass of the payload - 320 kg | ||
- | * Orbit - Solar-synchronous circular, Нср = 832 km, Т = 101.3 min, i = 98.85º | ||
- | * Energy supply: daily average - up to 1000 watts, maximum for 10 minutes - up to 1350 watts | ||
- | * Active life: 7 years | ||
- | * Weight - 2700 kg | ||
- | * Payload mass - 320 kg | ||
- | ==== The basic structure of information equipment ==== | + | ==== Basic structure of information equipment ==== |
- | * Spectrozonal optical instruments of visible and IR ranges (KMSS, MSU-MR) | + | * Spectrozonal optical instruments of visible and infrared ranges (KMSS, MSU-MR) |
- | * Microwave radiometric equipment for temperature-humidity sounding of the atmosphere (MTVZA-GYA) - microwave radiometer | + | * Microwave radiometric instrumentation for temperature and humidity range atmospheric sounding (MTVZA-GYA) - Microwave radiometer |
- | * Infrared Fourier spectrometer of temperature and humidity sensing (IKFS-2) - for spacecraft Meteor-M No. 2 | + | * Infrared Fourier spectrometer for temperature and humidity probing (IKFS-2) - for spacecraft No.2 (Meteor-M) |
- | * Heliogeophysical instrument complex (GGAK-M), combining five instruments on a single platform for studying radiation of a wide energy spectrum | + | * Heliogeophysical instrument suite (GGAK-M), incorporating five instruments for studies of emissions of a wide energy spectrum in a single platform |
- | * On-board radar complex (BRLK), which allows to obtain radar images of the earth's surface, regardless of weather conditions | + | * Airborne radar complex (BRLK), enabling users to obtain radar images of the Earth surface regardless of current weather conditions |
- | * Radio engineering complex for data collection and transmission, including a system for receiving data from ground-based measuring platforms (SSPD) | + | * Radio-based data collection and transmission system including the ground-based measuring platform data acquisition system (SSPD) |
- | * Main technical characteristics of on-board equipment of the spacecraft "Meteor-M" | + | * Main technical characteristics of Meteor-M spacecraft onboard equipment |
- | ==== Small-resolution multi-channel scanning device (MSU-MR): ==== | ||
- | Spectral ranges of shooting microns: | + | ==== Low-resolution multi-channel scanning device (MSU-MR): ==== |
+ | |||
+ | Spectral ranges of imagery, microns: | ||
* red (0.5 ÷ 0.7); | * red (0.5 ÷ 0.7); | ||
Line 50: | Line 51: | ||
* far infrared (11.5 ÷ 12.5) | * far infrared (11.5 ÷ 12.5) | ||
- | Coverage (when shooting from orbit 835 km) - 2800 | + | Capture bandwidth (when capturing from the 835 km orbit) - 2800 Spatial resolution (pixel projection size on the Earth with H=835 km) - < 1.0 km |
- | Spatial resolution (projection of a pixel onto the Earth with H = 835 km) - <1.0 km | + | |
==== KMSS: ==== | ==== KMSS: ==== | ||
The number of spectral channels - 3 | The number of spectral channels - 3 | ||
- | Spectral ranges of shooting microns: | + | Spectral ranges of imaging microns: |
* green MSU-50 (0.37 ÷ 0.45), MSU-100 (0.535 ÷ 0.575); | * green MSU-50 (0.37 ÷ 0.45), MSU-100 (0.535 ÷ 0.575); | ||
Line 62: | Line 63: | ||
* near infrared MSU-50 (0.58 ÷ 0.69), MSU-100 (0.76 ÷ 0.9) | * near infrared MSU-50 (0.58 ÷ 0.69), MSU-100 (0.76 ÷ 0.9) | ||
- | Coverage with two simultaneously operating cameras - 900 km | + | Coverage with two cameras working simultaneously - 900 km Resolution - 60-120 m |
- | Resolution - 60-120 m | + | |
- | ==== Onboard radar complex BRLK: ==== | + | |
+ | ==== Airborne radar complex BRLK: ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Probing signal carrier frequency - 9500-9700 MHz Bandwidth - at least 600 km Spatial resolution: | ||
- | The carrier frequency of the probe signal is 9500-9700 MHz | ||
- | Shooting bandwidth - at least 600 km | ||
Spatial Resolution: | Spatial Resolution: | ||
Line 74: | Line 74: | ||
* medium resolution mode - 0.4x0.5 km. | * medium resolution mode - 0.4x0.5 km. | ||
- | ==== Microwave scanner for temperature-humidity sounding of the atmosphere MTVZA-GYA: ==== | + | ==== Microwave scanner of atmospheric temperature and humidity probing MTVZA-GYA: ==== |
{{:006.png?200|}} | {{:006.png?200|}} | ||
- | * The number of channels - 29. | + | * Number of channels - 29. |
* Spectral range - 10.6 ÷ 183.31 GHz | * Spectral range - 10.6 ÷ 183.31 GHz | ||
- | * Span - 1500km | + | * Field of view - 1500km |
* Spatial resolution - 16-198 km | * Spatial resolution - 16-198 km | ||
+ | Letters GYA provided in the abbreviation were added in honor of Gennady Yakovlevich Guskov (1919-2002), the outstanding designer of space instruments, who pioneered development of a new direction in the microwave probing of the Earth. | ||
- | The letters GY in the abbreviation are added in honor of Gennady Yakovlevich Guskov (1919-2002), | + | ==== Data collection and transfer system SSPD: ==== |
- | an outstanding designer of space devices, who stood at the origins of the development of a new direction in the field of microwave sounding of the Earth. | + | |
- | ==== The system of data collection and transmission of data storage system: ==== | + | * Number of simultaneously serviced DCS platforms - up to 5 thousand. |
+ | * Number of simultaneously served DCS platforms - up to 150. | ||
- | * The number of PSD platforms served is up to 5 thousand | + | ===== Obtaining images from the Meteor-M 2 satellite. ===== |
- | * The number of simultaneously served PSD - up to 150. | + | |
+ | The following software is used to acquire images from the Meteor-M 2 satellite: | ||
- | ===== Receiving photographs from the Meteor-M 2 satellite ===== | + | * SDR# software for radio signal receipt; |
+ | * Orbitron for satellite tracking and Doppler effect control; | ||
+ | * Meteor-M 2 LRPT Analyzer for image interpretation. | ||
- | The following software is used to receive images from the Meteor-M 2 satellite: | ||
- | * SDR # for receiving a radio signal; | + | Launch the SDR# software and select the radio receiver type: RTL-SDR connected via USB. |
- | * Orbitron for tracking the satellite and taking into account the Doppler effect; | + | |
- | * Meteor-M 2 LRPT Analizer for decrypting images. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Launch SDR # and select the type of radio: RTL-SDR connected via USB. | + | |
{{:06image002.png?200|}} | {{:06image002.png?200|}} | ||
- | In the Radio section, set the switch to WFM mode and set the Bandwidth to 34000. | + | Set the switch to the WFM mode and set the bandwidth to 34000 in the "Radio” section. |
{{:004.png?200|}} | {{:004.png?200|}} | ||
- | Make sure the “Filter Audio” checkbox is unchecked. | + | Make sure that the "Filter Audio" point is unchecked. |
{{:005.png?200|}} | {{:005.png?200|}} | ||
- | Next, you need to increase the signal gain. To do this, click on the gear. | + | Further you need to increase signal amplification. To do this, click on the gear icon. |
{{:06image004.png?200|}} | {{:06image004.png?200|}} | ||
- | + | Move the slider so that the noise level increases by about 10 dB. | |
- | Move the slider so that the noise level rises by about 10dB. | + | |
{{:05image012.png?200|}} | {{:05image012.png?200|}} | ||
- | + | This is how the signal received from the Meteor-M 2 satellite looks like. | |
- | This is what the signal from the Meteor-M 2 satellite should look like. | + | |
{{:06image008.png?300|}} | {{:06image008.png?300|}} | ||
| | ||
- | In the Tracking DDE Client section, when Orbitron is connected correctly, information about the tracked satellite will appear. | + | Information about tracked satellites will appear in the field “Tracking DDE Client”, if Orbitron has been connected properly. |
{{:06image009.png?200|}} | {{:06image009.png?200|}} | ||
- | Launch Orbitron and update TLE first. Click on the tool button. | + | Launch Orbitron and update TLE firstly. Click the button with a tools indication. |
{{:en:image_43.png?500|}} | {{:en:image_43.png?500|}} | ||
- | Press the zipper button to update the TLE. | + | Click on the lightning button to update TLE. |
{{:en:image_41_.png?500|}} | {{:en:image_41_.png?500|}} | ||
- | Then select the weather satellite information file. | + | Select the file containing information about the weather satellites. Click on the “Load TLE” button. |
- | Click the Download TLE button. | + | |
{{:en:image_26.png?150|}} | {{:en:image_26.png?150|}} | ||
Line 146: | Line 141: | ||
Download the weather.txt list | Download the weather.txt list | ||
- | {{:06image014.png?400|}} | + | {{:en:orbitron_2.png?400|}} |
- | In the side list on the right, only weather satellites will appear. Choose Meteor-M2, NOAA15, NOAA18, NOAA19. | + | Only weather satellites will show up in the side list on the right. Select Meteor-M2, NOAA15, NOAA18, NOAA19. |
{{:06image015.png?150|}} | {{:06image015.png?150|}} | ||
- | The selected satellites will be shown in the main program window. | + | All selected satellites will be shown in the main software window. |
{{:06image016.png?600|}} | {{:06image016.png?600|}} | ||
- | Then go to the Calculation tab and click on the Calculation button. | + | Proceed to the “Calculation” tab and click the “Calculation” button. |
{{:en:image_46.png?500|}} | {{:en:image_46.png?500|}} | ||
- | The satellite will automatically calculate the time of flight. Go to the Rotor / Radio tab and make sure the tracking button is pressed. In the window with the reception frequency (Dnlink / MHz) the following correct frequency should be set: Meteor M2 - 137.10 MHz | + | The satellites' overflight times will be calculated automatically. Go to the "Rotor/Radio" tab and make sure the tracking button is pressed. The box with indication of the reception frequency (Dnlink/MHz) shall be used to set the following correct frequency: Meteor-M 2 - 137.10 MHz |
{{:en:image_45.png?500|}} | {{:en:image_45.png?500|}} | ||
- | ===== Meteor-M 2 LRPT Analyzer Setup ===== | + | ===== Setting up the Meteor-M 2 LRPT Analyzer ===== |
- | To decrypt signals received from the Meteor-M 2 satellite, there is a special Meteor-M 2 LRPT Analizer program that receives an audio signal received from the satellite using the SDR # program. | + | In order to decode the signals received from the satellite Meteor-M 2, there is the special software called Meteor-M 2 LRPT Analyzer which receives an audio signal taken from the satellite using the SDR# software as its input. |
- | When a satellite signal appears, the Meteor-M 2 LRPT Analizer program starts automatically. | + | |
+ | The Meteor-M 2 LRPT Analyzer is launched automatically when the signal is received from the satellite. | ||
{{:06image019.png?400|}} | {{:06image019.png?400|}} | ||
- | The signal quality can be determined by the diagram in the upper left corner of the program. | + | The signal quality can be determined based on the chart in the upper left corner of the software. Good signal quality - the satellite is at the altitude of 50 degrees above the horizon. |
- | A good signal quality is a satellite at a height of 50 degrees above the horizon. | + | |
{{:06image020.png?200|}} | {{:06image020.png?200|}} | ||
Line 180: | Line 175: | ||
{{:06image021.png?400|}} | {{:06image021.png?400|}} | ||
- | + | Excellent signal quality - satellite is at the altitude of 85 degrees above the horizon. | |
- | Excellent signal quality - satellite at a height of 85 degrees above the horizon. | + | |
{{:06image022.png?200|}} | {{:06image022.png?200|}} | ||
Line 187: | Line 181: | ||
{{:06image023.png?400|}} | {{:06image023.png?400|}} | ||
- | Signal strength information is displayed below the chart. | + | Information about the signal level is displayed under the diagram. |
{{:06image024.png?400|}} | {{:06image024.png?400|}} | ||
- | In SDR # it can be seen that the satellite signal level is more than 20 decibels above the noise level. | + | Using the SDR# software a user can see that the signal level from the satellite is more than 20 decibels higher than the noise level. |
{{:06image025.png?200|}} | {{:06image025.png?200|}} | ||
- | On the left, images in the visible range will appear line by line, and on the right in the IR range. | + | The left part provides information line by line in the visible range and the right one - in the infrared range. |
{{:06image026.png?400|}}{{:06image027.png?200|}} | {{:06image026.png?400|}}{{:06image027.png?200|}} | ||
- | When you click the Generate RGB button, the final image will be generated. | + | Clicking on the "Generate RGB" button provides the resulting image. |
{{:06image028.png?200|}} | {{:06image028.png?200|}} | ||
- | A special window opens with the received image, which can be saved. | + | A special window with the obtained image will be opened and a user can save it. |
{{:06image029.png?200|}} | {{:06image029.png?200|}} | ||
- | Analyze the resulting image and try to find cities and geographical objects on it yourself. | + | A user can also analyze an obtained image and try to find cities and geographical objects on it on one's own. |
+ | |||
+ | Compare the image with the image taken earlier and check in what way the atmospheric situation has changed. | ||
- | Compare the image with the image taken earlier, and see how the situation in the atmosphere has changed. | ||